Undergraduate Course: Adsorption 5 (CHEE11016)
Course Outline
| School | School of Engineering |
College | College of Science and Engineering |
| Course type | Standard |
Availability | Available to all students |
| Credit level (Normal year taken) | SCQF Level 11 (Year 5 Undergraduate) |
Credits | 10 |
| Home subject area | Chemical |
Other subject area | None |
| Course website |
None |
Taught in Gaelic? | No |
| Course description | The course will cover the basic principles of adsorption and adsorption separation processes including both equilibrium and dynamic modeling and a brief overview of representative industrial processes. The main topics will be:
Forces and energetics of adsorption;
Adsorption equilibrium (including both single and multicomponent systems);
Adsorbent materials (with emphasis on zeolites and activated carbon);
Sorption kinetics and measurement of transport properties;
Adsorption Column Dynamics (including linear, non-linear and multicomponent/non-isothermal systems);
Adsorption Separation processes (choice of regeneration methods, pressure swing, thermal swing and displacement processes.
Membrane Processes (brief introduction)
The relationship between the properties of the adsorbent and the process applications will be emphasized.
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Information for Visiting Students
| Pre-requisites | None |
| Displayed in Visiting Students Prospectus? | Yes |
Course Delivery Information
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| Delivery period: 2011/12 Semester 2, Available to all students (SV1)
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WebCT enabled: Yes |
Quota: None |
| Location |
Activity |
Description |
Weeks |
Monday |
Tuesday |
Wednesday |
Thursday |
Friday |
| King's Buildings | Lecture | | 1-11 | | 10:00 - 10:50 | | | | | King's Buildings | Lecture | | 1-11 | | | 10:00 - 10:50 | | |
| First Class |
Week 18, Tuesday, 10:00 - 10:50, Zone: King's Buildings. JCMB 6301 |
| Exam Information |
| Exam Diet |
Paper Name |
Hours:Minutes |
|
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| Main Exam Diet S2 (April/May) | | 2:00 | | | | Resit Exam Diet (August) | | 2:00 | | |
Summary of Intended Learning Outcomes
Students attending this course should gain:
1. An understanding of the fundamental equilibrium and transport properties in adsorption.
2. A capability to model transient adsorption processes.
3. An understanding of the basic design of adsorption systems.
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Assessment Information
Two hour written examination - 80%
Coursework assignment - 20% |
Special Arrangements
| None |
Additional Information
| Academic description |
Not entered |
| Syllabus |
This course comprises 20 hours of lectures and 10 tutorials assessed by written examination.
Lectures
The course is delivered in two hour lectures.
Lecture 1
Introduction
Importance of adsorption in a separation process
Historical perspective
Advantages and limitations
Forces and Energetics of Adsorption
Physical adsorption vs. chemisorption
van der Waals forces
Electrostatic forces
Polar/Non-Polar adsorbents
Heats of adsorption
Lecture 2
Adsorbent Materials
Selectivity and capacity
Amorphous/Crystalline
Carbons; Aluminas; Silica Gels; Zeolites; MOFs
Adsorption Equilibrium
Representation of equilibrium data
Brunauer classification
Monte Carlo simulation of adsorption equilibrium
Henry&©s Law
Langmuir, dual site Langmuir and Freundlich
Isotherms
Isosteric heat of adsorption
Gibbs isotherm
Spreading pressure
Lecture 3
Multicomponent Adsorption Equilibrium
Extended Langmuir isotherms
Thermodynamic consistency of multicomponent
Isotherms
Experimental measurements
Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST)
Limits on applicability of IAST
Lecture 4
Characterization of Adsorbents
BET isotherm and area measurement
Capillary Condensation and the Kelvin equation
Hysteresis
Measurement of pore size distributions
Gravimetric, volumetric and chromatographic
measurement of adsorption isotherms.
Lecture 5
Diffusion in Porous Solids
Mass transport mechanisms
Range of diffusivities
Definitions and relationship between the various
micropore diffusivities
Chemical potential as driving force
Diffusion in macro/mesopores.
Measurement of Diffusion in Porous Solids
Classification of experimental methods
Microscopic (PFG NMR, QENS, Neutron Spin-Echo)
Mesoscopic (Single crystal membrane, FTSR and
interference microscopy)
FR, Chromatography, TAP, effectiveness factor
Examples from literature of incorrect interpretation of kinetic experiments.
Lecture 6
Adsorption Kinetics
Analytical solution to the diffusion equation with surface resistance.
Separation of variables.
Laplace transforms.
Properties of Laplace transforms.
Asymptotic limits and moments of solutions.
Inversion of solution using the method or residues.
Numerical solution using finite differences.
The Linear Driving Force model
Equivalence to the diffusion equation
Limitations at fast cycle times
Lecture 7
Adsorption Column Dynamics
Mass balance equation
Danckwerts boundary conditions
Equilibrium theory $ú isothermal single transition
Qualitative treatment from wave theory perspective
Moments and HETP
Constant and proportional pattern behaviour
Lecture 8
Adsorption Column Dynamics
Equilibrium theory $ú isothermal multicomponent
Coherence
Solution for extended Langmuir isotherm
Equilibrium theory $ú non-isothermal systems
Watershed point and temperature swing adsorption
Lecture 9
Adsorption Separation Processes
Regeneration methods $ú T Swing, P Swing and
Displacement
Cyclic batch vs continuous counter-current operation
Equilibrium vs Kinetic selectivity
Trace impurity removal
Bulk separations
Pressure Swing Adsorption Processes
Cycles and energy efficiency
PSA oxygen process
PSA nitrogen process (carbon molecular sieve)
Countercurrent and Simulated Countercurrent Processes
Adsorbent circulation $ú Hypersorption, Pursiv
UOP Simulated Moving Bed Sorbex Process
McCabe-Thiele design
Triangle theory of SMBs
Lecture 10
Review and open discussion.
Tutorials
Each lecture has a corresponding tutorial plus one tutorial on the column simulator given to students.
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| Transferable skills |
Not entered |
| Reading list |
1. Principles of Adsorption and Adsorption Processes, 1984. Ruthven D.M. $ú Wiley.
2. Pressure Swing Adsorption, 1994. Ruthven D.M., Farooq S., Knaebel K.S. $ú Wiley.
3. Diffusion in Zeolites and other Microporous Solids, 1992. Kärger J., Ruthven D.M. $ú Wiley.
4. Adsorbents Fundamentals and Applications, 2003. Yang R.T., Wiley.
5. Adsorption by Powders & Porous Solids, 1999. Rouquerol F., Rouquerol J., Sing K. $ú Academic Press.
6. Perry&©s Chemical Engineers&© Handbook. 7th Ed., 1997. Perry R.H. and Green D.W., McGraw-Hill.
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| Study Abroad |
Not entered |
| Study Pattern |
Not entered |
| Keywords | Adsorption, separation, emissions, molecular simulation |
Contacts
| Course organiser | Prof Stefano Brandani
Tel:
Email: S.Brandani@ed.ac.uk |
Course secretary | Mrs Kim Orsi
Tel: (0131 6)50 5687
Email: Kim.Orsi@ed.ac.uk |
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